نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه حقوق و فقه مقارن، دانشکده مذاهب اسلامی، دانشگاه ادیان و مذاهب، قم، ایران.
2 دانشآموختۀ سطح 4 حوزۀ علمیۀ قم، قم، ایران.
3 کارشناسی ارشد تفسیر و علوم قرآنی، مؤسسۀ رهپویان سیدالشهدا، قم، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Islamic law(Shari’ah), in addition to regulating devotional acts, organizes the economic and social dimensions of human life and takes a particular sensitivity towards the acquisition and consumption of wealth. One important problem in this area is that of property composed of mixed lawful and unlawful elements, where the owner and the precise quantity of the unlawful portion are unknown. In such circumstances, and for the purpose of purifying the property and absolving from liability (barāʾat al‑dhimmah), the accountable person faces two fundamental questions: first, what amount of the property should be separated; and second, what should be done with the segregated portion. This study, employing a descriptive‑analytical methodology, examines and compares the positions of Imāmiyya (Arabic: امامیّه) Shiite jurists and Sunni jurists on the matter. The results indicate that jurists have proposed twelve theories, including relinquishment, giving in charity (sadaqah), depositing the amount in the public treasury (bayt al‑māl), spending on public welfare, and payment of khums(one-fifth). Among these opinions, the theory of giving it as charity(sadaqah) in both schools and the doctrine of khums in Imāmiyya jurisprudence enjoy being supported by the authentic texts and possessing greater coherence, whereas approaches such as relinquishment lack practical efficacy. Despite these differences, all Islamic schools concur on the common principle that one must refrain from personally appropriating doubtful assets and must purify them - a principle that can serve as a basis for jurisprudential dialogue and approchement among the Islamic legal schools.
کلیدواژهها [English]
قرآن کریم
)