نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد، گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشکدۀ الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه حقوق خصوصی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران.
3 دانشیار، گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشکدۀ الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
In Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), leading the congregational prayer (imamate)requires the fulfillment of a set of conditions, some of which pertain to the individual's cognitive and intellectual capacities, such as maturity and soundness of mind and some others pertain to public trust and confidence in his character, including the condition of justice. Among these conditions, the justice of the congregational imam holds a pivotal position, and there is a jurisprudential consensus on the necessity of verifying (acquiring knowledge) it. However, , considerable differences are discernible among Imāmiyya (Arabic: امامیّه)Shiite jurists( in their conceptualization of justice. Certain scholars have construed justice exclusively as outward propriety and the absence of manifest transgression(committing sins and disobeying God’s commands). Another group has defined justice solely as the abstention from major sins (Arabic: الکبائر) and non-persistence in minor ones. Yet some others maintain that justice must arise from a stable inner character, such that the renunciation of transgressions stems from inner steadfastness(constancy) rather than out of fear or expediency. Ultimately, the prominent view among Imāmiyya (Arabic: امامیّه)Shiite jurists(fuqaha)after ʿAllāmah al-Ḥillī ,conceives of justice as an inner moral disposition (malakah nafsānīyah) that compels the individual to observe piety (taqwā) and propriety, manifesting itself in both social and personal conducts. This note, utilizing a descriptive–analytical method and drawing upon authoritative Imāmiyya and Sunni jurisprudential sources, undertakes a comparative study of diverse perspectives regarding the justice of the imam of the congregational prayer (imām al-jamāʿah). It ultimately proposes an integrative theory termed ‘Minimal Inner self Justice .Based on this theory, the sustained practice of balanced behaviors, observance of piety, and socially accepted norms indicates the presence of a certain inner disposition that may be considered as a manifestation of minimal inner self justice. Unlike actualized justice (al-ʿadālah al-fiʿlīyah), which presumes the individual’s justice as a given, this type of justice requires verification, though its establishment is less arduous. Its criterion of validity is considered by the customary and normative standing of the imam of congregational prayer within the community.
کلیدواژهها [English]
قرآن کریم.
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