نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشیار، گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق، دانشگاه علوم اسلامی رضوی، مشهد، ایران
2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد حقوق خصوصی، دانشگاه علوم اسلامی رضوی، مشهد، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Sadaqah in Imāmiyya (Arabic: امامیّه) fiqh has always a dual function. On the one hand, it is regarded as a devotional act (ʿibādī) aimed at drawing proximity to God; on the other hand, within the framework of social, economic, and other relations, it demonstrates significant legal effects. This conceptual duality has made rise to ambiguities in analyzing the precise structure of sadaqah within the legal system and has raised questions regarding its contractual or non‑contractual nature, the possibility of revocation, and the impact of the intent of proximity to God on its validity and obligation. The present study, employing a descriptive‑analytical method and a library‑based approach, seeks to reexamine the position of sadaqah among the nominated legal contracts and to clarify its conditions and legal consequences. The innovation of this paper lies in a comprehensive exposition of the differences and similarities between sadaqah and contracts such as gift (Arabic: هبهhiba), endowment (Arabic: وقف waqf), and debt remission (Arabic: ابراIbraʾ). By analyzing Islamic narrations and jurisprudential principles, the study presents sadaqah as an independent contract with a specific structure. Although founded on the intention of proximity, but it follows legally binding features such as offer, acceptance, and irrevocability. The result is that sadaqah may be considered as a contract with a combined devotional‑legal function, situated at a the intersection of acts of worship and transactions, and playing a significat role in regulating social and economic relations.
کلیدواژهها [English]
قرآن کریم
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