نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق، دانشکدۀ الهیات، دانشگاه شهید محلاتی، قم، ایران.
2 استادیار، گروه فقه و حقوق امامیه، دانشکدۀ فقه و حقوق اسلامی، دانشگاه بینالمللی مذاهب اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
3 دانشآموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد، گروه فقه مقارن و حقوق جزای اسلامی، دانشکدۀ فقه و حقوق اسلامی، دانشگاه بینالمللی مذاهب اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
4 طلبۀ سطح دو، حوزۀ علمیۀ قم، قم، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The present research examines the rule of non-reliance on the oppressor (Qāʿidat ʿAdam al-Rukūn ilā al-Ẓālim) and its application in acts of worship (ʿIbādāt). This rule is one of the fundamental and effective rules which, due to being less well-known and its influence on all individual and social aspects, holds special importance. Non-reliance on the oppressor means not gravitating toward or trusting the oppressor, a concept emphasized in religious sources and referenced in various chapters of jurisprudence. The main research question is: what manifestations does the rule of non-reliance on the oppressor have in the various chapters of acts of worship? The present study, employing a descriptive-analytical method, examines the rule prohibiting reliance on the oppressor and its manifestations in the chapters of worship. The findings indicate that unconditional trust in the oppressor is rejected from a jurisprudential perspective, and in interacting with him, religious precaution must be observed. In applying this rule, Shi'a jurists have proposed guidelines in cases such as the payment of religious financial obligations (Khums and Zakāt), following an oppressor in prayer (Iqtidāʾ), following a just Imam appointed by an unjust ruler, the ruling on repeating prayer (Iʿādah) if the disbelief (Kufr) of the congregational prayer leader is discovered after its performance, obeying an oppressor father in acts of worship, accompanying him in travel, and building a mosque. These guidelines demonstrate the direct impact of this rule on the validity and legitimacy of devotional acts.
کلیدواژهها [English]