نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار، گروه فقه و حقوق اسلامی، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران.
2 دانشجوی دکتری رشتۀ فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی،گروه فقه و حقوق اسلامی، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران.
3 استاد، گروه فقه و حقوق اسلامی، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
This research examines the legal nature of how Zakāt attaches to property. The fundamental question is an analysis of the relationship and connection between the Zakāt property and the recipients: is this relationship merely a prescriptive ruling—the obligation of payment upon the owner—or a declaratory ruling—the creation of a real right for the recipient? This inquiry evaluates various possibilities regarding the manner of this attachment based on transmitted and rational evidence. Employing a descriptive-analytical method and a jurisprudential-ijtihādī approach, the research findings indicate that none of the absolute theories (purely prescriptive or purely real) are capable of providing a comprehensive and universally acceptable religious explanation or resolving the challenges. By applying the method of harmonizing evidences and emphasizing the unity of context, the theory of partnership in value—in the form of a generic within a specific asset—emerges as the main approach. Accordingly, Zakāt is understood as the right of recipients in the value (economic worth) of a portion of a specific asset, in the form of an unspecified share. This explanation both acknowledges the declaratory aspect of Zakāt and justifies flexibility in the method of payment (permissibility of paying the same asset or its monetary equivalent). Furthermore, it guarantees the financial rights of recipients and establishes a logical balance between the owner's authority and the recipients' rights. In addition, it is fully compatible with all eight categories of Zakāt expenditure.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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